diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/CHANGES.HDFS-1623.txt b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/CHANGES.HDFS-1623.txt
index dcb198d6bf..e079202641 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/CHANGES.HDFS-1623.txt
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/CHANGES.HDFS-1623.txt
@@ -119,3 +119,5 @@ HDFS-2592. Balancer support for HA namenodes. (Uma Maheswara Rao G via todd)
 HDFS-2367. Enable the configuration of multiple HA cluster addresses. (atm)
 
 HDFS-2812. When becoming active, the NN should treat all leases as freshly renewed. (todd)
+
+HDFS-2737. Automatically trigger log rolls periodically on the active NN. (todd and atm)
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/DFSConfigKeys.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/DFSConfigKeys.java
index b3fee6fc51..55d1ccd1ce 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/DFSConfigKeys.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/DFSConfigKeys.java
@@ -333,4 +333,8 @@ public class DFSConfigKeys extends CommonConfigurationKeys {
   public static final String DFS_HA_NAMENODE_ID_KEY = "dfs.ha.namenode.id";
   public static final String  DFS_HA_STANDBY_CHECKPOINTS_KEY = "dfs.ha.standby.checkpoints";
   public static final boolean DFS_HA_STANDBY_CHECKPOINTS_DEFAULT = true;
+  public static final String DFS_HA_LOGROLL_PERIOD_KEY = "dfs.ha.log-roll.period";
+  public static final int DFS_HA_LOGROLL_PERIOD_DEFAULT = 2 * 60; // 2m
+  public static final String DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_KEY = "dfs.ha.tail-edits.period";
+  public static final int DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_DEFAULT = 60; // 1m
 }
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/HAUtil.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/HAUtil.java
index ad2f8f67f6..a260c0e4fa 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/HAUtil.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/HAUtil.java
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.net.URI;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Map;
 
 import org.apache.hadoop.HadoopIllegalArgumentException;
@@ -32,9 +34,9 @@
 import org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.FailoverProxyProvider;
 import org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryPolicies;
 import org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryProxy;
-import org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils;
-
+import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
 import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
 
 public class HAUtil {
   private HAUtil() { /* Hidden constructor */ }
@@ -109,6 +111,39 @@ public static String getNameNodeIdFromAddress(final Configuration conf,
     return null;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Given the configuration for this node, return a Configuration object for
+   * the other node in an HA setup.
+   * 
+   * @param myConf the configuration of this node
+   * @return the configuration of the other node in an HA setup
+   */
+  public static Configuration getConfForOtherNode(
+      Configuration myConf) {
+    
+    String nsId = DFSUtil.getNamenodeNameServiceId(myConf);
+    Collection<String> nnIds = DFSUtil.getNameNodeIds(myConf, nsId);
+    String myNNId = myConf.get(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_NAMENODE_ID_KEY);
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(nnIds != null,
+        "Could not determine namenode ids in namespace '%s'",
+        nsId);
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(nnIds.size() == 2,
+        "Expected exactly 2 NameNodes in this namespace. Instead, got: '%s'",
+        Joiner.on("','").join(nnIds));
+    Preconditions.checkState(myNNId != null && !myNNId.isEmpty(),
+        "Could not determine own NN ID");
+
+    ArrayList<String> nnSet = Lists.newArrayList(nnIds);
+    nnSet.remove(myNNId);
+    assert nnSet.size() == 1;
+    String activeNN = nnSet.get(0);
+    
+    // Look up the address of the active NN.
+    Configuration confForOtherNode = new Configuration(myConf);
+    NameNode.initializeGenericKeys(confForOtherNode, nsId, activeNN);
+    return confForOtherNode;
+  }
+
   /**
    * This is used only by tests at the moment.
    * @return true if the NN should allow read operations while in standby mode.
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/protocolPB/NamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/protocolPB/NamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.java
index 51a74746b2..22a6d8a8eb 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/protocolPB/NamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/protocolPB/NamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.java
@@ -157,7 +157,6 @@ public long getTransactionID() throws IOException {
   }
 
   @Override
-  @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
   public CheckpointSignature rollEditLog() throws IOException {
     try {
       return PBHelper.convert(rpcProxy.rollEditLog(NULL_CONTROLLER,
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/protocolR23Compatible/NamenodeProtocolTranslatorR23.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/protocolR23Compatible/NamenodeProtocolTranslatorR23.java
index 11589756af..e7ea9ec7bc 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/protocolR23Compatible/NamenodeProtocolTranslatorR23.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/protocolR23Compatible/NamenodeProtocolTranslatorR23.java
@@ -134,7 +134,6 @@ public long getTransactionID() throws IOException {
   }
 
   @Override
-  @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
   public CheckpointSignature rollEditLog() throws IOException {
     return rpcProxy.rollEditLog().convert();
   }
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/protocolR23Compatible/NamenodeWireProtocol.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/protocolR23Compatible/NamenodeWireProtocol.java
index 6eaa224d43..2bfba10387 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/protocolR23Compatible/NamenodeWireProtocol.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/protocolR23Compatible/NamenodeWireProtocol.java
@@ -84,10 +84,7 @@ public BlocksWithLocationsWritable getBlocks(DatanodeInfoWritable datanode,
    * call fails if the file system is in SafeMode.
    * @throws IOException
    * @return a unique token to identify this transaction.
-   * @deprecated 
-   *    See {@link org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.SecondaryNameNode}
    */
-  @Deprecated
   public CheckpointSignatureWritable rollEditLog() throws IOException;
 
   /**
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSNamesystem.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSNamesystem.java
index 54d6ebe3fc..e92ae02001 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSNamesystem.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSNamesystem.java
@@ -690,6 +690,10 @@ public static Collection<URI> getSharedEditsDirs(Configuration conf) {
         DFS_NAMENODE_SHARED_EDITS_DIR_KEY);
     return Util.stringCollectionAsURIs(dirNames);
   }
+  
+  public Configuration getConf() {
+    return conf;
+  }
 
   @Override
   public void readLock() {
@@ -3846,6 +3850,7 @@ String getSafeModeTip() {
   CheckpointSignature rollEditLog() throws IOException {
     writeLock();
     try {
+      checkOperation(OperationCategory.JOURNAL);
       if (isInSafeMode()) {
         throw new SafeModeException("Log not rolled", safeMode);
       }
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/NameNodeRpcServer.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/NameNodeRpcServer.java
index a1bc504fe0..a0d7e14897 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/NameNodeRpcServer.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/NameNodeRpcServer.java
@@ -738,7 +738,6 @@ public long getTransactionID() {
 
   @Override // NamenodeProtocol
   public CheckpointSignature rollEditLog() throws IOException {
-    // TODO:HA decide on OperationCategory for this
     return namesystem.rollEditLog();
   }
   
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/EditLogTailer.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/EditLogTailer.java
index 264e3a72e6..160c16ed5e 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/EditLogTailer.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/EditLogTailer.java
@@ -19,21 +19,34 @@
 package org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.util.Collection;
 
 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
 import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
 import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceAudience;
 import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceStability;
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSConfigKeys;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.HAUtil;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.HdfsConstants;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.NamenodeProtocolPB;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.NamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.EditLogInputException;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.EditLogInputStream;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSEditLog;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.protocol.NamenodeProtocol;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC;
+
+import static org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.Util.now;
 
 import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
 
+
 /**
  * EditLogTailer represents a thread which periodically reads from edits
  * journals and applies the transactions contained within to a given
@@ -50,13 +63,87 @@ public class EditLogTailer {
   private FSEditLog editLog;
   
   private volatile Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
+
+  private InetSocketAddress activeAddr;
+  private NamenodeProtocol cachedActiveProxy = null;
+
+  /**
+   * The last transaction ID at which an edit log roll was initiated.
+   */
+  private long lastRollTriggerTxId = HdfsConstants.INVALID_TXID;
+  
+  /**
+   * The highest transaction ID loaded by the Standby.
+   */
+  private long lastLoadedTxnId = HdfsConstants.INVALID_TXID;
+
+  /**
+   * The last time we successfully loaded a non-zero number of edits from the
+   * shared directory.
+   */
+  private long lastLoadTimestamp;
+
+  /**
+   * How often the Standby should roll edit logs. Since the Standby only reads
+   * from finalized log segments, the Standby will only be as up-to-date as how
+   * often the logs are rolled.
+   */
+  private long logRollPeriodMs;
+
+  /**
+   * How often the Standby should check if there are new finalized segment(s)
+   * available to be read from.
+   */
+  private long sleepTimeMs;
   
   public EditLogTailer(FSNamesystem namesystem) {
     this.tailerThread = new EditLogTailerThread();
     this.namesystem = namesystem;
     this.editLog = namesystem.getEditLog();
+    
+
+    Configuration conf = namesystem.getConf();
+    lastLoadTimestamp = now();
+
+    logRollPeriodMs = conf.getInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_LOGROLL_PERIOD_KEY,
+        DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_LOGROLL_PERIOD_DEFAULT) * 1000;
+    if (logRollPeriodMs >= 0) {
+      this.activeAddr = getActiveNodeAddress();
+      Preconditions.checkArgument(activeAddr.getPort() > 0,
+          "Active NameNode must have an IPC port configured. " +
+          "Got address '%s'", activeAddr);
+      LOG.info("Will roll logs on active node at " + activeAddr + " every " +
+          (logRollPeriodMs / 1000) + " seconds.");
+    } else {
+      LOG.info("Not going to trigger log rolls on active node because " +
+          DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_LOGROLL_PERIOD_KEY + " is negative.");
+    }
+    
+    sleepTimeMs = conf.getInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_KEY,
+        DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_DEFAULT) * 1000;
+    
+    LOG.debug("logRollPeriodMs=" + logRollPeriodMs +
+        " sleepTime=" + sleepTimeMs);
   }
   
+  private InetSocketAddress getActiveNodeAddress() {
+    Configuration conf = namesystem.getConf();
+    Configuration activeConf = HAUtil.getConfForOtherNode(conf);
+    return NameNode.getServiceAddress(activeConf, true);
+  }
+  
+  private NamenodeProtocol getActiveNodeProxy() throws IOException {
+    if (cachedActiveProxy == null) {
+      Configuration conf = namesystem.getConf();
+      NamenodeProtocolPB proxy = 
+        RPC.waitForProxy(NamenodeProtocolPB.class,
+            RPC.getProtocolVersion(NamenodeProtocolPB.class), activeAddr, conf);
+      cachedActiveProxy = new NamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB(proxy);
+    }
+    assert cachedActiveProxy != null;
+    return cachedActiveProxy;
+  }
+
   public void start() {
     tailerThread.start();
   }
@@ -71,16 +158,6 @@ public void stop() throws IOException {
       throw new IOException(e);
     }
   }
-
-  @VisibleForTesting
-  public void setSleepTime(long sleepTime) {
-    tailerThread.setSleepTime(sleepTime);
-  }
-  
-  @VisibleForTesting
-  public void interrupt() {
-    tailerThread.interrupt();
-  }
   
   @VisibleForTesting
   FSEditLog getEditLog() {
@@ -152,18 +229,43 @@ private void doTailEdits() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
               editsLoaded, lastTxnId));
         }
       }
+
+      if (editsLoaded > 0) {
+        lastLoadTimestamp = now();
+      }
+      lastLoadedTxnId = image.getLastAppliedTxId();
     } finally {
       namesystem.writeUnlock();
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * @return true if the configured log roll period has elapsed.
+   */
+  private boolean tooLongSinceLastLoad() {
+    return logRollPeriodMs >= 0 && 
+      (now() - lastLoadTimestamp) > logRollPeriodMs ;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Trigger the active node to roll its logs.
+   */
+  private void triggerActiveLogRoll() {
+    LOG.info("Triggering log roll on remote NameNode " + activeAddr);
+    try {
+      getActiveNodeProxy().rollEditLog();
+      lastRollTriggerTxId = lastLoadedTxnId;
+    } catch (IOException ioe) {
+      LOG.warn("Unable to trigger a roll of the active NN", ioe);
+    }
+  }
+
   /**
    * The thread which does the actual work of tailing edits journals and
    * applying the transactions to the FSNS.
    */
   private class EditLogTailerThread extends Thread {
     private volatile boolean shouldRun = true;
-    private long sleepTime = 60 * 1000;
     
     private EditLogTailerThread() {
       super("Edit log tailer");
@@ -173,14 +275,26 @@ private void setShouldRun(boolean shouldRun) {
       this.shouldRun = shouldRun;
     }
     
-    private void setSleepTime(long sleepTime) {
-      this.sleepTime = sleepTime;
-    }
-    
     @Override
     public void run() {
       while (shouldRun) {
         try {
+          // There's no point in triggering a log roll if the Standby hasn't
+          // read any more transactions since the last time a roll was
+          // triggered. 
+          if (tooLongSinceLastLoad() &&
+              lastRollTriggerTxId < lastLoadedTxnId) {
+            triggerActiveLogRoll();
+          }
+          /**
+           * Check again in case someone calls {@link EditLogTailer#stop} while
+           * we're triggering an edit log roll, since ipc.Client catches and
+           * ignores {@link InterruptedException} in a few places. This fixes
+           * the bug described in HDFS-2823.
+           */
+          if (!shouldRun) {
+            break;
+          }
           doTailEdits();
         } catch (EditLogInputException elie) {
           LOG.warn("Error while reading edits from disk. Will try again.", elie);
@@ -194,7 +308,7 @@ public void run() {
         }
 
         try {
-          Thread.sleep(sleepTime);
+          Thread.sleep(sleepTimeMs);
         } catch (InterruptedException e) {
           LOG.warn("Edit log tailer interrupted", e);
         }
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/StandbyCheckpointer.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/StandbyCheckpointer.java
index ee7921db4f..83e85f7709 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/StandbyCheckpointer.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/StandbyCheckpointer.java
@@ -20,20 +20,17 @@
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Collection;
 
 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
 import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
 import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceAudience;
 import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
 import org.apache.hadoop.ha.ServiceFailedException;
-import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSConfigKeys;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSUtil;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.HAUtil;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.CheckpointConf;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem;
-import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.SaveNamespaceCancelledException;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.TransferFsImage;
 import org.apache.hadoop.net.NetUtils;
@@ -41,9 +38,7 @@
 import static org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.Util.now;
 
 import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
-import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
 import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
-import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
 
 /**
  * Thread which runs inside the NN when it's in Standby state,
@@ -79,37 +74,19 @@ public StandbyCheckpointer(Configuration conf, FSNamesystem ns) {
    * as well as our own HTTP address from the configuration.
    */
   private void setNameNodeAddresses(Configuration conf) {
-    String nsId = DFSUtil.getNamenodeNameServiceId(conf);
-    Collection<String> nnIds = DFSUtil.getNameNodeIds(conf, nsId);
-    String myNNId = conf.get(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_NAMENODE_ID_KEY);
-    Preconditions.checkArgument(nnIds != null,
-        "Could not determine namenode ids in namespace '%s'",
-        nsId);
-    Preconditions.checkArgument(nnIds.size() == 2,
-        "Expected exactly 2 NameNodes in this namespace. Instead, got: '%s'",
-        Joiner.on("','").join(nnIds));
-    Preconditions.checkState(myNNId != null && !myNNId.isEmpty(),
-        "Could not determine own NN ID");
-
-    ArrayList<String> nnSet = Lists.newArrayList(nnIds);
-    nnSet.remove(myNNId);
-    assert nnSet.size() == 1;
-    String activeNN = nnSet.get(0);
-    
-    // Look up the address of the active NN.
-    Configuration confForActive = new Configuration(conf);
-    NameNode.initializeGenericKeys(confForActive, nsId, activeNN);
-    activeNNAddress = DFSUtil.getInfoServer(null, confForActive, true);
-    
     // Look up our own address.
     String myAddrString = DFSUtil.getInfoServer(null, conf, true);
+
+    // Look up the active node's address
+    Configuration confForActive = HAUtil.getConfForOtherNode(conf);
+    activeNNAddress = DFSUtil.getInfoServer(null, confForActive, true);
+    
     
     // Sanity-check.
     Preconditions.checkArgument(checkAddress(activeNNAddress),
         "Bad address for active NN: %s", activeNNAddress);
-    Preconditions.checkArgument(checkAddress(activeNNAddress),
-        "Bad address for standby NN: %s", myNNAddress);
-    
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(checkAddress(myAddrString),
+        "Bad address for standby NN: %s", myAddrString);
     myNNAddress = NetUtils.createSocketAddr(myAddrString);
   }
   
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/protocol/NamenodeProtocol.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/protocol/NamenodeProtocol.java
index 48de14c657..de04b33cb6 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/protocol/NamenodeProtocol.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/protocol/NamenodeProtocol.java
@@ -100,10 +100,7 @@ public BlocksWithLocations getBlocks(DatanodeInfo datanode, long size)
    * call fails if the file system is in SafeMode.
    * @throws IOException
    * @return a unique token to identify this transaction.
-   * @deprecated 
-   *    See {@link org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.SecondaryNameNode}
    */
-  @Deprecated
   public CheckpointSignature rollEditLog() throws IOException;
 
   /**
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/MiniDFSCluster.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/MiniDFSCluster.java
index 0357c5d714..977ee956cb 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/MiniDFSCluster.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/MiniDFSCluster.java
@@ -548,6 +548,12 @@ private void initMiniDFSCluster(
           "since no HTTP ports have been specified.");
       conf.setBoolean(DFS_HA_STANDBY_CHECKPOINTS_KEY, false);
     }
+    if (!nnTopology.allIpcPortsSpecified() &&
+        nnTopology.isHA()) {
+      LOG.info("MiniDFSCluster disabling log-roll triggering in the "
+          + "Standby node since no IPC ports have been specified.");
+      conf.setInt(DFS_HA_LOGROLL_PERIOD_KEY, -1);
+    }
     
     federation = nnTopology.isFederated();
     createNameNodesAndSetConf(
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/MiniDFSNNTopology.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/MiniDFSNNTopology.java
index fc9bb64f9e..c8e22e3b45 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/MiniDFSNNTopology.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/MiniDFSNNTopology.java
@@ -134,6 +134,21 @@ public boolean allHttpPortsSpecified() {
     }
     return true;
   }
+  
+  /**
+   * @return true if all of the NNs in the cluster have their IPC
+   * port specified to be non-ephemeral.
+   */
+  public boolean allIpcPortsSpecified() {
+    for (NSConf ns : nameservices) {
+      for (NNConf nn : ns.getNNs()) {
+        if (nn.getIpcPort() == 0) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
 
   public List<NSConf> getNameservices() {
     return nameservices;
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestDNFencing.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestDNFencing.java
index 9a2149a281..1f43e057f7 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestDNFencing.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestDNFencing.java
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ public void setupCluster() throws Exception {
     // See RandomDeleterPolicy javadoc.
     conf.setClass("dfs.block.replicator.classname", RandomDeleterPolicy.class,
         BlockPlacementPolicy.class); 
+    conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_KEY, 1);
     cluster = new MiniDFSCluster.Builder(conf)
       .nnTopology(MiniDFSNNTopology.simpleHATopology())
       .numDataNodes(3)
@@ -106,8 +107,6 @@ public void setupCluster() throws Exception {
     // Trigger block reports so that the first NN trusts all
     // of the DNs, and will issue deletions
     cluster.triggerBlockReports();
-    nn2.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().setSleepTime(250);
-    nn2.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().interrupt();
     fs = HATestUtil.configureFailoverFs(cluster, conf);
   }
   
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestDNFencingWithReplication.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestDNFencingWithReplication.java
index 8fc9d49eb0..44bc01d1cd 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestDNFencingWithReplication.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestDNFencingWithReplication.java
@@ -115,9 +115,11 @@ public void testFencingStress() throws Exception {
     conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BLOCK_SIZE_KEY, BLOCK_SIZE);
     conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BLOCKREPORT_INTERVAL_MSEC_KEY, 1000);
     conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_KEY, 1);
+    conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_KEY, 1);
     // Increase max streams so that we re-replicate quickly.
     conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_NAMENODE_REPLICATION_MAX_STREAMS_KEY, 1000);
 
+    
     final MiniDFSCluster cluster = new MiniDFSCluster.Builder(conf)
       .nnTopology(MiniDFSNNTopology.simpleHATopology())
       .numDataNodes(3)
@@ -128,8 +130,6 @@ public void testFencingStress() throws Exception {
       
       final NameNode nn1 = cluster.getNameNode(0);
       final NameNode nn2 = cluster.getNameNode(1);
-      nn2.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().setSleepTime(250);
-      nn2.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().interrupt();
       
       FileSystem fs = HATestUtil.configureFailoverFs(
           cluster, conf);
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestEditLogTailer.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestEditLogTailer.java
index 7c3e38b18a..1f5822ee57 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestEditLogTailer.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestEditLogTailer.java
@@ -19,23 +19,32 @@
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 
+import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
 
 import org.apache.commons.logging.impl.Log4JLogger;
 import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.permission.FsPermission;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.permission.PermissionStatus;
 import org.apache.hadoop.ha.ServiceFailedException;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSConfigKeys;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.HAUtil;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.HdfsConfiguration;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.MiniDFSCluster;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.MiniDFSNNTopology;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NNStorage;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNodeAdapter;
+import org.apache.hadoop.test.GenericTestUtils;
 import org.apache.log4j.Level;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
+import com.google.common.base.Supplier;
+
 public class TestEditLogTailer {
   
   private static final String DIR_PREFIX = "/dir";
@@ -52,6 +61,8 @@ public class TestEditLogTailer {
   public void testTailer() throws IOException, InterruptedException,
       ServiceFailedException {
     Configuration conf = new HdfsConfiguration();
+    conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_KEY, 1);
+
     HAUtil.setAllowStandbyReads(conf, true);
     
     MiniDFSCluster cluster = new MiniDFSCluster.Builder(conf)
@@ -64,8 +75,6 @@ public void testTailer() throws IOException, InterruptedException,
     
     NameNode nn1 = cluster.getNameNode(0);
     NameNode nn2 = cluster.getNameNode(1);
-    nn2.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().setSleepTime(250);
-    nn2.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().interrupt();
     try {
       for (int i = 0; i < DIRS_TO_MAKE / 2; i++) {
         NameNodeAdapter.mkdirs(nn1, getDirPath(i),
@@ -97,7 +106,57 @@ public void testTailer() throws IOException, InterruptedException,
     }
   }
   
+  @Test
+  public void testNN0TriggersLogRolls() throws Exception {
+    testStandbyTriggersLogRolls(0);
+  }
+  
+  @Test
+  public void testNN1TriggersLogRolls() throws Exception {
+    testStandbyTriggersLogRolls(1);
+  }
+  
+  private static void testStandbyTriggersLogRolls(int activeIndex)
+      throws Exception {
+    Configuration conf = new Configuration();
+    // Roll every 1s
+    conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_LOGROLL_PERIOD_KEY, 1);
+    conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_KEY, 1);
+    
+    // Have to specify IPC ports so the NNs can talk to each other.
+    MiniDFSNNTopology topology = new MiniDFSNNTopology()
+      .addNameservice(new MiniDFSNNTopology.NSConf(null)
+        .addNN(new MiniDFSNNTopology.NNConf("nn1").setIpcPort(10001))
+        .addNN(new MiniDFSNNTopology.NNConf("nn2").setIpcPort(10002)));
+
+    MiniDFSCluster cluster = new MiniDFSCluster.Builder(conf)
+      .nnTopology(topology)
+      .numDataNodes(0)
+      .build();
+    try {
+      cluster.transitionToActive(activeIndex);
+      waitForLogRollInSharedDir(cluster, 3);
+    } finally {
+      cluster.shutdown();
+    }
+  }
+  
   private static String getDirPath(int suffix) {
     return DIR_PREFIX + suffix;
   }
+  
+  private static void waitForLogRollInSharedDir(MiniDFSCluster cluster,
+      long startTxId) throws Exception {
+    URI sharedUri = cluster.getSharedEditsDir(0, 1);
+    File sharedDir = new File(sharedUri.getPath(), "current");
+    final File expectedLog = new File(sharedDir,
+        NNStorage.getInProgressEditsFileName(startTxId));
+    
+    GenericTestUtils.waitFor(new Supplier<Boolean>() {
+      @Override
+      public Boolean get() {
+        return expectedLog.exists();
+      }
+    }, 100, 10000);
+  }
 }
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestFailureToReadEdits.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestFailureToReadEdits.java
index 24b2c0866e..e41a7a6e51 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestFailureToReadEdits.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestFailureToReadEdits.java
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ public void setUpCluster() throws Exception {
     conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_NAMENODE_CHECKPOINT_CHECK_PERIOD_KEY, 1);
     conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_NAMENODE_CHECKPOINT_TXNS_KEY, 1);
     conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_NAMENODE_NUM_CHECKPOINTS_RETAINED_KEY, 10);
+    conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_KEY, 1);
     HAUtil.setAllowStandbyReads(conf, true);
     
     MiniDFSNNTopology topology = new MiniDFSNNTopology()
@@ -93,8 +94,6 @@ public void setUpCluster() throws Exception {
     
     nn0 = cluster.getNameNode(0);
     nn1 = cluster.getNameNode(1);
-    nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().setSleepTime(250);
-    nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().interrupt();
     nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().setRuntime(mockRuntime);
     
     cluster.transitionToActive(0);
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestHASafeMode.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestHASafeMode.java
index af7985e21d..0703f8c8a0 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestHASafeMode.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestHASafeMode.java
@@ -90,10 +90,11 @@ private void restartStandby() throws IOException {
     // have been achieved, without being racy.
     cluster.getConfiguration(1).setInt(
         DFSConfigKeys.DFS_NAMENODE_SAFEMODE_EXTENSION_KEY, 30000);
+    cluster.getConfiguration(1).setInt(
+        DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_KEY, 1);
+
     cluster.restartNameNode(1);
     nn1 = cluster.getNameNode(1);
-    nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().setSleepTime(250);
-    nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().interrupt();
   }
   
   /**
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestHAStateTransitions.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestHAStateTransitions.java
index 52e21c8602..fbeaa30a93 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestHAStateTransitions.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestHAStateTransitions.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSConfigKeys;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSTestUtil;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.MiniDFSCluster;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.MiniDFSNNTopology;
@@ -207,6 +208,7 @@ public void doAnAction() throws Exception {
   @Test(timeout=120000)
   public void testLeasesRenewedOnTransition() throws Exception {
     Configuration conf = new Configuration();
+    conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_KEY, 1);
     MiniDFSCluster cluster = new MiniDFSCluster.Builder(conf)
       .nnTopology(MiniDFSNNTopology.simpleHATopology())
       .numDataNodes(1)
@@ -215,8 +217,6 @@ public void testLeasesRenewedOnTransition() throws Exception {
     FileSystem fs = HATestUtil.configureFailoverFs(cluster, conf);
     NameNode nn0 = cluster.getNameNode(0);
     NameNode nn1 = cluster.getNameNode(1);
-    nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().setSleepTime(250);
-    nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().interrupt();
 
     try {
       cluster.waitActive();
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestStandbyCheckpoints.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestStandbyCheckpoints.java
index 83f077c55d..2c0c81947c 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestStandbyCheckpoints.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestStandbyCheckpoints.java
@@ -57,7 +57,8 @@ public void setupCluster() throws Exception {
     Configuration conf = new Configuration();
     conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_NAMENODE_CHECKPOINT_CHECK_PERIOD_KEY, 1);
     conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_NAMENODE_CHECKPOINT_TXNS_KEY, 5);
-    
+    conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_KEY, 1);
+
     MiniDFSNNTopology topology = new MiniDFSNNTopology()
       .addNameservice(new MiniDFSNNTopology.NSConf(null)
         .addNN(new MiniDFSNNTopology.NNConf("nn1").setHttpPort(10001))
@@ -73,9 +74,6 @@ public void setupCluster() throws Exception {
     nn1 = cluster.getNameNode(1);
     fs = HATestUtil.configureFailoverFs(cluster, conf);
 
-    nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().setSleepTime(250);
-    nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().interrupt();
-
     cluster.transitionToActive(0);
   }
   
@@ -150,8 +148,6 @@ public void testCheckpointWhenNoNewTransactionsHappened()
         DFSConfigKeys.DFS_NAMENODE_CHECKPOINT_PERIOD_KEY, 0);
     cluster.restartNameNode(1);
     nn1 = cluster.getNameNode(1);
-    nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().setSleepTime(250);
-    nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().interrupt();
  
     FSImage spyImage1 = NameNodeAdapter.spyOnFsImage(nn1);
     
@@ -195,8 +191,6 @@ public void testCheckpointCancellation() throws Exception {
         DFSConfigKeys.DFS_NAMENODE_CHECKPOINT_PERIOD_KEY, 0);
     cluster.restartNameNode(1);
     nn1 = cluster.getNameNode(1);
-    nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().setSleepTime(250);
-    nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().interrupt();
 
     cluster.transitionToActive(0);    
     
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestStandbyIsHot.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestStandbyIsHot.java
index 7bb8d814d2..ce5814b0dd 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestStandbyIsHot.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/TestStandbyIsHot.java
@@ -17,14 +17,13 @@
  */
 package org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyInt;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
 
 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
 import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
@@ -32,13 +31,12 @@
 import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
-import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.AppendTestUtil;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSConfigKeys;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSTestUtil;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.HAUtil;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.MiniDFSCluster;
-import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.MiniDFSCluster.DataNodeProperties;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.MiniDFSNNTopology;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.MiniDFSCluster.DataNodeProperties;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.DatanodeInfo;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.LocatedBlocks;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.blockmanagement.BlockManager;
@@ -77,6 +75,7 @@ public void testStandbyIsHot() throws Exception {
     Configuration conf = new Configuration();
     // We read from the standby to watch block locations
     HAUtil.setAllowStandbyReads(conf, true);
+    conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_KEY, 1);
     MiniDFSCluster cluster = new MiniDFSCluster.Builder(conf)
       .nnTopology(MiniDFSNNTopology.simpleHATopology())
       .numDataNodes(3)
@@ -90,8 +89,6 @@ public void testStandbyIsHot() throws Exception {
       NameNode nn2 = cluster.getNameNode(1);
       
       nn2.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().setRuntime(mockRuntime);
-      nn2.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().setSleepTime(250);
-      nn2.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().interrupt();
       
       FileSystem fs = HATestUtil.configureFailoverFs(cluster, conf);
       
@@ -151,6 +148,7 @@ public void testDatanodeRestarts() throws Exception {
     conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BLOCK_SIZE_KEY, 1024);
     // We read from the standby to watch block locations
     HAUtil.setAllowStandbyReads(conf, true);
+    conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HA_TAILEDITS_PERIOD_KEY, 1);
     MiniDFSCluster cluster = new MiniDFSCluster.Builder(conf)
       .nnTopology(MiniDFSNNTopology.simpleHATopology())
       .numDataNodes(1)
@@ -158,8 +156,6 @@ public void testDatanodeRestarts() throws Exception {
     try {
       NameNode nn0 = cluster.getNameNode(0);
       NameNode nn1 = cluster.getNameNode(1);
-      nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().setSleepTime(250);
-      nn1.getNamesystem().getEditLogTailer().interrupt();
 
       cluster.transitionToActive(0);