SUBMARINE-40. Add TonY runtime to Submarine. Contributed by Keqiu Hu.

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-core/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/yarn/submarine/client/cli/CliConstants.java

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ public class CliConstants {
   public static final String TENSORBOARD_RESOURCES = "tensorboard_resources";
   public static final String TENSORBOARD_DEFAULT_RESOURCES =
       "memory=4G,vcores=1";
+  public static final String ARG_CONF = "conf";
 
   public static final String WORKER_LAUNCH_CMD = "worker_launch_cmd";
   public static final String SERVING_LAUNCH_CMD = "serving_launch_cmd";
@@ -57,4 +58,5 @@ public class CliConstants {
   public static final String PRINCIPAL = "principal";
   public static final String DISTRIBUTE_KEYTAB = "distribute_keytab";
   public static final String YAML_CONFIG = "f";
+  public static final String INSECURE_CLUSTER = "insecure";
 }

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-core/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/yarn/submarine/client/cli/RunJobCli.java

@@ -166,6 +166,9 @@ private Options generateOptions() {
         " parameter" + CliConstants.KEYTAB + " on cluster machines will be " +
         "used");
     options.addOption("h", "help", false, "Print help");
+    options.addOption("insecure", false, "Cluster is not Kerberos enabled.");
+    options.addOption("conf", true,
+        "User specified configuration, as key=val pairs.");
     return options;
   }
 

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-core/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/yarn/submarine/client/cli/param/RunJobParameters.java

@@ -56,9 +56,11 @@ public class RunJobParameters extends RunParameters {
   private boolean waitJobFinish = false;
   private boolean distributed = false;
 
+  private boolean securityDisabled = false;
   private String keytab;
   private String principal;
   private boolean distributeKeytab = false;
+  private List<String> confPairs = new ArrayList<>();
 
   @Override
   public void updateParameters(ParametersHolder parametersHolder,
@@ -97,6 +99,10 @@ public void updateParameters(ParametersHolder parametersHolder,
           + "please double check.");
     }
 
+    if (parametersHolder.hasOption(CliConstants.INSECURE_CLUSTER)) {
+      setSecurityDisabled(true);
+    }
+
     String kerberosKeytab = parametersHolder.getOptionValue(
         CliConstants.KEYTAB);
     String kerberosPrincipal = parametersHolder.getOptionValue(
@@ -181,6 +187,9 @@ public void updateParameters(ParametersHolder parametersHolder,
     boolean distributeKerberosKeytab = parametersHolder.hasOption(CliConstants
         .DISTRIBUTE_KEYTAB);
 
+    List<String> configPairs = parametersHolder
+        .getOptionValues(CliConstants.ARG_CONF);
+
     this.setInputPath(input).setCheckpointPath(jobDir)
         .setNumPS(nPS).setNumWorkers(nWorkers)
         .setPSLaunchCmd(psLaunchCommand).setWorkerLaunchCmd(workerLaunchCmd)
@@ -188,7 +197,8 @@ public void updateParameters(ParametersHolder parametersHolder,
         .setTensorboardEnabled(tensorboard)
         .setKeytab(kerberosKeytab)
         .setPrincipal(kerberosPrincipal)
-        .setDistributeKeytab(distributeKerberosKeytab);
+        .setDistributeKeytab(distributeKerberosKeytab)
+        .setConfPairs(configPairs);
 
     super.updateParameters(parametersHolder, clientContext);
   }
@@ -329,6 +339,14 @@ public RunJobParameters setPrincipal(String kerberosPrincipal) {
     return this;
   }
 
+  public boolean isSecurityDisabled() {
+    return securityDisabled;
+  }
+
+  public void setSecurityDisabled(boolean securityDisabled) {
+    this.securityDisabled = securityDisabled;
+  }
+
   public boolean isDistributeKeytab() {
     return distributeKeytab;
   }
@@ -339,6 +357,15 @@ public RunJobParameters setDistributeKeytab(
     return this;
   }
 
+  public List<String> getConfPairs() {
+    return confPairs;
+  }
+
+  public RunJobParameters setConfPairs(List<String> confPairs) {
+    this.confPairs = confPairs;
+    return this;
+  }
+
   @VisibleForTesting
   public static class UnderscoreConverterPropertyUtils extends PropertyUtils {
     @Override

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<!---
+  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
+-->
+
+# Overview
+[TonY](https://github.com/linkedin/TonY/) is an open source project that TonY
+is a framework to natively run deep learning frameworks on Apache Hadoop.
+As Submarine supports multiple runtimes, this module serves as an adaptor so
+ that Submarine could leverage TonY as a Runtime implementation to run
+TensorFlow with 2.x version of Hadoop and Hadoop installations w/o docker
+support or native service. 
+
+Please jump to [QuickStart](src/site/markdown/QuickStart.md) to understand how
+to run Submarine with TonY runtime.
+ 

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
+-->
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <parent>
+        <artifactId>hadoop-submarine</artifactId>
+        <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
+        <version>0.2.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    </parent>
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+    <artifactId>hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime</artifactId>
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
+            <artifactId>hadoop-submarine-core</artifactId>
+            <version>0.2.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+            <scope>compile</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.linkedin.tony</groupId>
+            <artifactId>tony-core</artifactId>
+            <version>0.3.3</version>
+            <exclusions>
+                <exclusion>
+                    <groupId>com.linkedin.tony</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>tony-mini</artifactId>
+                </exclusion>
+                <exclusion>
+                    <groupId>com.linkedin.azkaban</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>az-hadoop-jobtype-plugin</artifactId>
+                </exclusion>
+            </exclusions>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>junit</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
+            <artifactId>hadoop-submarine-core</artifactId>
+            <type>test-jar</type>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+            <version>0.2.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
+            <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+</project>

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/yarn/submarine/runtimes/tony/TonyJobMonitor.java

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * <p>
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * <p>
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
+ */
+package org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.tony;
+
+import com.linkedin.tony.TonyClient;
+import com.linkedin.tony.client.TaskUpdateListener;
+import com.linkedin.tony.rpc.TaskInfo;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.exceptions.YarnException;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.common.ClientContext;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.common.api.JobStatus;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.common.JobMonitor;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.tony.buider.JobStatusBuilder;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * An implementation of JobMonitor with TonY library.
+ */
+public class TonyJobMonitor extends JobMonitor implements TaskUpdateListener {
+  private Set<TaskInfo> taskInfos = new HashSet<>();
+
+  public TonyJobMonitor(ClientContext clientContext, TonyClient client) {
+    super(clientContext);
+    client.addListener(this);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public JobStatus getTrainingJobStatus(String jobName)
+      throws IOException, YarnException {
+    JobStatus jobStatus = JobStatusBuilder.fromTaskInfoSet(taskInfos);
+    jobStatus.setJobName(jobName);
+    return jobStatus;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void onTaskInfosUpdated(Set<TaskInfo> taskInfoSet) {
+    this.taskInfos = taskInfoSet;
+  }
+}

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/yarn/submarine/runtimes/tony/TonyJobSubmitter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * <p>
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * <p>
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.tony;
+
+import com.linkedin.tony.Constants;
+import com.linkedin.tony.TonyClient;
+import com.linkedin.tony.client.CallbackHandler;
+import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
+import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.ApplicationId;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.exceptions.YarnException;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.client.cli.param.RunJobParameters;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.common.JobSubmitter;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of JobSumitter with TonY runtime.
+ */
+public class TonyJobSubmitter implements JobSubmitter, CallbackHandler {
+
+  private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(TonyJobSubmitter.class);
+  private ApplicationId applicationId;
+  private TonyClient tonyClient;
+
+  public TonyJobSubmitter() { }
+  public void setTonyClient(TonyClient client) {
+    this.tonyClient = client;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public ApplicationId submitJob(RunJobParameters parameters)
+      throws IOException, YarnException {
+    LOG.info("Starting Tony runtime..");
+
+    File tonyFinalConfPath = File.createTempFile("temp",
+        Constants.TONY_FINAL_XML);
+    // Write user's overridden conf to an xml to be localized.
+    Configuration tonyConf = TonyUtils.tonyConfFromClientContext(parameters);
+    try (OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(tonyFinalConfPath)) {
+      tonyConf.writeXml(os);
+    } catch (IOException e) {
+      throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create " + tonyFinalConfPath
+          + " conf file. Exiting.", e);
+    }
+
+    try {
+      tonyClient.init(new String[]{
+          "--conf_file", tonyFinalConfPath.getAbsolutePath()
+      });
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      LOG.error("Failed to init TonyClient: ", e);
+    }
+    Thread clientThread = new Thread(tonyClient::start);
+    Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread(() -> {
+      try {
+        tonyClient.forceKillApplication();
+      } catch (YarnException | IOException e) {
+        LOG.error("Failed to kill application during shutdown.", e);
+      }
+    }));
+    clientThread.start();
+    while (clientThread.isAlive()) {
+      if (applicationId != null) {
+        LOG.info("TonyClient returned applicationId: " + applicationId);
+        return applicationId;
+      }
+      try {
+        Thread.sleep(5000);
+      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+        LOG.error(e);
+      }
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void onApplicationIdReceived(ApplicationId appId) {
+    applicationId = appId;
+  }
+}

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/yarn/submarine/runtimes/tony/TonyRuntimeFactory.java

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * <p>
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * <p>
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
+ */
+package org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.tony;
+
+import com.linkedin.tony.TonyClient;
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.common.ClientContext;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.RuntimeFactory;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.common.FSBasedSubmarineStorageImpl;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.common.JobMonitor;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.common.JobSubmitter;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.common.SubmarineStorage;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of RuntimeFactory with Tony Runtime
+ */
+public class TonyRuntimeFactory extends RuntimeFactory {
+  private TonyClient tonyClient;
+  private TonyJobSubmitter submitter;
+  private TonyJobMonitor monitor;
+
+  public TonyRuntimeFactory(ClientContext clientContext) {
+    super(clientContext);
+    submitter = new TonyJobSubmitter();
+    tonyClient = new TonyClient(submitter, new Configuration());
+    monitor = new TonyJobMonitor(clientContext, tonyClient);
+    submitter.setTonyClient(tonyClient);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  protected JobSubmitter internalCreateJobSubmitter() {
+    return submitter;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  protected JobMonitor internalCreateJobMonitor() {
+    return monitor;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  protected SubmarineStorage internalCreateSubmarineStorage() {
+    return new FSBasedSubmarineStorageImpl(super.clientContext);
+  }
+}

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/yarn/submarine/runtimes/tony/TonyUtils.java

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * <p>
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * <p>
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
+ */
+package org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.tony;
+
+import com.linkedin.tony.Constants;
+import com.linkedin.tony.TonyConfigurationKeys;
+import com.linkedin.tony.util.Utils;
+import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
+import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.ResourceInformation;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.exceptions.ResourceNotFoundException;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.client.cli.param.RunJobParameters;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * Utilities for Tony Runtime.
+ */
+public final class TonyUtils {
+  private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(TonyUtils.class);
+
+  public static Configuration tonyConfFromClientContext(
+      RunJobParameters parameters) {
+    Configuration tonyConf = new Configuration();
+    tonyConf.setInt(
+        TonyConfigurationKeys.getInstancesKey(Constants.WORKER_JOB_NAME),
+        parameters.getNumWorkers());
+    tonyConf.setInt(
+        TonyConfigurationKeys.getInstancesKey(Constants.PS_JOB_NAME),
+        parameters.getNumPS());
+    // Resources for PS & Worker
+    if (parameters.getPsResource() != null) {
+      tonyConf.setInt(
+          TonyConfigurationKeys.getResourceKey(Constants.PS_JOB_NAME,
+              Constants.VCORES),
+          parameters.getPsResource().getVirtualCores());
+      tonyConf.setLong(
+          TonyConfigurationKeys.getResourceKey(Constants.PS_JOB_NAME,
+              Constants.MEMORY),
+          parameters.getPsResource().getMemorySize());
+    }
+    if (parameters.getWorkerResource() != null) {
+      tonyConf.setInt(
+          TonyConfigurationKeys.getResourceKey(Constants.WORKER_JOB_NAME,
+              Constants.VCORES),
+          parameters.getWorkerResource().getVirtualCores());
+      tonyConf.setLong(
+          TonyConfigurationKeys.getResourceKey(Constants.WORKER_JOB_NAME,
+              Constants.MEMORY),
+          parameters.getWorkerResource().getMemorySize());
+      try {
+        tonyConf.setLong(
+            TonyConfigurationKeys.getResourceKey(Constants.WORKER_JOB_NAME,
+                Constants.GPUS),
+            parameters.getWorkerResource()
+                .getResourceValue(ResourceInformation.GPU_URI));
+      } catch (ResourceNotFoundException rnfe) {
+        LOG.error("GPU resources not enabled.");
+      }
+    }
+    if (parameters.getQueue() != null) {
+      tonyConf.set(
+          TonyConfigurationKeys.YARN_QUEUE_NAME,
+          parameters.getQueue());
+    }
+    // Set up Docker for PS & Worker
+    if (parameters.getDockerImageName() != null) {
+      tonyConf.set(TonyConfigurationKeys.getContainerDockerKey(),
+          parameters.getDockerImageName());
+      tonyConf.setBoolean(TonyConfigurationKeys.DOCKER_ENABLED, true);
+    }
+    if (parameters.getWorkerDockerImage() != null) {
+      tonyConf.set(
+          TonyConfigurationKeys.getDockerImageKey(Constants.WORKER_JOB_NAME),
+          parameters.getWorkerDockerImage());
+      tonyConf.setBoolean(TonyConfigurationKeys.DOCKER_ENABLED, true);
+    }
+    if (parameters.getPsDockerImage() != null) {
+      tonyConf.set(
+          TonyConfigurationKeys.getDockerImageKey(Constants.PS_JOB_NAME),
+          parameters.getPsDockerImage());
+      tonyConf.setBoolean(TonyConfigurationKeys.DOCKER_ENABLED, true);
+    }
+
+    // Set up container environment
+    List<String> envs = parameters.getEnvars();
+    tonyConf.setStrings(
+        TonyConfigurationKeys.CONTAINER_LAUNCH_ENV,
+        envs.toArray(new String[0]));
+    tonyConf.setStrings(TonyConfigurationKeys.EXECUTION_ENV,
+        envs.stream()
+            .map(env -> env.replaceAll("DOCKER_", ""))
+            .toArray(String[]::new));
+    tonyConf.setStrings(TonyConfigurationKeys.CONTAINER_LAUNCH_ENV,
+        envs.stream().map(env -> env.replaceAll("DOCKER_", ""))
+            .toArray(String[]::new));
+
+    // Set up running command
+    if (parameters.getWorkerLaunchCmd() != null) {
+      tonyConf.set(
+          TonyConfigurationKeys.getExecuteCommandKey(Constants.WORKER_JOB_NAME),
+          parameters.getWorkerLaunchCmd());
+    }
+
+    if (parameters.getPSLaunchCmd() != null) {
+      tonyConf.set(
+          TonyConfigurationKeys.getExecuteCommandKey(Constants.PS_JOB_NAME),
+          parameters.getPSLaunchCmd());
+    }
+
+    tonyConf.setBoolean(TonyConfigurationKeys.SECURITY_ENABLED,
+        !parameters.isSecurityDisabled());
+
+    // Set up container resources
+    if (parameters.getLocalizations() != null) {
+      tonyConf.setStrings(TonyConfigurationKeys.getContainerResourcesKey(),
+          parameters.getLocalizations().stream()
+              .map(lo -> lo.getRemoteUri() + Constants.RESOURCE_DIVIDER
+                  + lo.getLocalPath())
+              .toArray(String[]::new));
+    }
+
+    if (parameters.getConfPairs() != null) {
+      String[] confArray = parameters.getConfPairs().toArray(new String[0]);
+      for (Map.Entry<String, String> cliConf : Utils
+          .parseKeyValue(confArray).entrySet()) {
+        String[] existingValue = tonyConf.getStrings(cliConf.getKey());
+        if (existingValue != null
+            && TonyConfigurationKeys
+            .MULTI_VALUE_CONF.contains(cliConf.getKey())) {
+          ArrayList<String> newValues = new ArrayList<>(Arrays
+              .asList(existingValue));
+          newValues.add(cliConf.getValue());
+          tonyConf.setStrings(cliConf.getKey(),
+                newValues.toArray(new String[0]));
+        } else {
+          tonyConf.set(cliConf.getKey(), cliConf.getValue());
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    LOG.info("Resources: " + tonyConf.get(
+        TonyConfigurationKeys.getContainerResourcesKey()));
+    return tonyConf;
+  }
+
+  private TonyUtils() {
+  }
+}

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/yarn/submarine/runtimes/tony/buider/JobStatusBuilder.java

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
+ */
+package org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.tony.buider;
+
+import com.linkedin.tony.rpc.TaskInfo;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.common.api.JobComponentStatus;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.common.api.JobStatus;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+/**
+ * JobStatusBuilder builds the job status from a set of TaskInfos.
+ */
+public final class JobStatusBuilder {
+  public static JobStatus fromTaskInfoSet(final Set<TaskInfo> taskInfos) {
+    JobStatus status = new JobStatus();
+    Set<String> jobNames =
+        taskInfos.stream().map(TaskInfo::getName).collect(Collectors.toSet());
+    List<JobComponentStatus> jobComponentStatusList = new ArrayList<>();
+    for (String jobName : jobNames) {
+      Set<TaskInfo> filterTasks = taskInfos.stream()
+          .filter(taskInfo -> taskInfo.getName().equals(jobName))
+          .collect(Collectors.toSet());
+      long numReadyContainers = 0;
+      long numRunningContainers = 0;
+      long totalAskedContainers = 0;
+      for (TaskInfo taskInfo : filterTasks) {
+        totalAskedContainers += 1;
+        switch (taskInfo.getStatus()) {
+        case READY:
+          numReadyContainers += 1;
+          break;
+        case RUNNING:
+          numRunningContainers += 1;
+          break;
+        default:
+        }
+      }
+      jobComponentStatusList.add(new JobComponentStatus(jobName,
+          numReadyContainers, numRunningContainers, totalAskedContainers));
+    }
+    status.setComponentStatus(jobComponentStatusList);
+    return status;
+  }
+
+  private JobStatusBuilder() { }
+}

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/yarn/submarine/runtimes/tony/buider/package-info.java

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
+ */
+package org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.tony.buider;

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/yarn/submarine/runtimes/tony/package-info.java

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
+ */
+package org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.tony;

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/src/site/markdown/QuickStart.md

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+<!---
+  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
+-->
+
+# Quick Start Guide
+
+## Prerequisite
+
+Must:
+
+- Apache Hadoop 2.7 or above.
+
+Optional:
+
+- Enable GPU on YARN support (when GPU-based training is required, Hadoop 3.1 and above).
+- Enable Docker support on Hadoop (Hadoop 2.9 and above).
+
+## Run jobs
+
+### Commandline options
+
+```$xslt
+usage:
+ -docker_image <arg>          Docker image name/tag
+ -env <arg>                   Common environment variable of worker/ps
+ -name <arg>                  Name of the job
+ -num_ps <arg>                Number of PS tasks of the job, by default
+                              it's 0
+ -num_workers <arg>           Numnber of worker tasks of the job, by
+                              default it's 1
+ -ps_docker_image <arg>       Specify docker image for PS, when this is
+                              not specified, PS uses --docker_image as
+                              default.
+ -ps_launch_cmd <arg>         Commandline of worker, arguments will be
+                              directly used to launch the PS
+ -ps_resources <arg>          Resource of each PS, for example
+                              memory-mb=2048,vcores=2,yarn.io/gpu=2
+ -queue <arg>                 Name of queue to run the job, by default it
+                              uses default queue
+ -saved_model_path <arg>      Model exported path (savedmodel) of the job,
+                              which is needed when exported model is not
+                              placed under ${checkpoint_path}could be
+                              local or other FS directory. This will be
+                              used to serve.
+ -tensorboard <arg>           Should we run TensorBoard for this job? By
+                              default it's true
+ -verbose                     Print verbose log for troubleshooting
+ -wait_job_finish             Specified when user want to wait the job
+                              finish
+ -worker_docker_image <arg>   Specify docker image for WORKER, when this
+                              is not specified, WORKER uses --docker_image
+                              as default.
+ -worker_launch_cmd <arg>     Commandline of worker, arguments will be
+                              directly used to launch the worker
+ -worker_resources <arg>      Resource of each worker, for example
+                              memory-mb=2048,vcores=2,yarn.io/gpu=2
+ -localization <arg>          Specify localization to remote/local
+                              file/directory available to all container(Docker).
+                              Argument format is "RemoteUri:LocalFilePath[:rw]"
+                              (ro permission is not supported yet).
+                              The RemoteUri can be a file or directory in local
+                              or HDFS or s3 or abfs or http .etc.
+                              The LocalFilePath can be absolute or relative.
+                              If relative, it'll be under container's implied
+                              working directory.
+                              This option can be set mutiple times.
+                              Examples are
+                              -localization "hdfs:///user/yarn/mydir2:/opt/data"
+                              -localization "s3a:///a/b/myfile1:./"
+                              -localization "https:///a/b/myfile2:./myfile"
+                              -localization "/user/yarn/mydir3:/opt/mydir3"
+                              -localization "./mydir1:."
+ -insecure                    Whether running in an insecure cluster
+ -conf                        Override configurations via commandline
+```
+
+### Submarine Configuration
+
+For submarine internal configuration, please create a `submarine.xml` which should be placed under `$HADOOP_CONF_DIR`.
+Make sure you set `submarine.runtime.class` to `org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.tony.TonyRuntimeFactory`
+
+|Configuration Name | Description |
+|:---- |:---- |
+| `submarine.runtime.class` | org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.tony.TonyRuntimeFactory
+| `submarine.localization.max-allowed-file-size-mb` | Optional. This sets a size limit to the file/directory to be localized in "-localization" CLI option. 2GB by default. |
+
+
+
+### Launch TensorFlow Application:
+
+#### Commandline
+
+### Without Docker
+
+You need:
+* Build a Python virtual environment with TensorFlow 1.13.1 installed
+* A cluster with Hadoop 2.7 or above.
+
+### Building a Python virtual environment with TensorFlow
+
+TonY requires a Python virtual environment zip with TensorFlow and any needed Python libraries already installed.
+
+```
+wget https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/33/bc/fa0b5347139cd9564f0d44ebd2b147ac97c36b2403943dbee8a25fd74012/virtualenv-16.0.0.tar.gz
+tar xf virtualenv-16.0.0.tar.gz
+
+# Make sure to install using Python 3, as TensorFlow only provides Python 3 artifacts
+python virtualenv-16.0.0/virtualenv.py venv
+. venv/bin/activate
+pip install tensorflow==1.13.1
+zip -r venv.zip venv
+```
+
+### TensorFlow version
+
+ - Version 1.13.1
+
+**Note:** If you require a past version of TensorFlow and TensorBoard, take a look at [this](https://github.com/linkedin/TonY/issues/42) issue.
+
+
+### Installing Hadoop
+
+TonY only requires YARN, not HDFS. Please see the [open-source documentation](https://hadoop.apache.org/docs/current/hadoop-project-dist/hadoop-common/SingleCluster.html) on how to set YARN up.
+
+### Get the training examples
+
+Get mnist_distributed.py from https://github.com/linkedin/TonY/tree/master/tony-examples/mnist-tensorflow
+
+
+```
+CLASSPATH=$(hadoop classpath --glob): \
+./hadoop-submarine-core/target/hadoop-submarine-core-0.2.0-SNAPSHOT.jar: \
+./hadoop-submarine-yarnservice-runtime/target/hadoop-submarine-score-yarnservice-runtime-0.2.0-SNAPSHOT.jar: \
+./hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/target/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime-0.2.0-SNAPSHOT.jar: \
+/home/pi/hadoop/TonY/tony-cli/build/libs/tony-cli-0.3.2-all.jar \
+
+java org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.client.cli.Cli job run --name tf-job-001 \
+ --num_workers 2 \
+ --worker_resources memory=3G,vcores=2 \
+ --num_ps 2 \
+ --ps_resources memory=3G,vcores=2 \
+ --worker_launch_cmd "venv.zip/venv/bin/python --steps 1000 --data_dir /tmp/data --working_dir /tmp/mode" \
+ --ps_launch_cmd "venv.zip/venv/bin/python --steps 1000 --data_dir /tmp/data --working_dir /tmp/mode" \
+ --container_resources /home/pi/hadoop/TonY/tony-cli/build/libs/tony-cli-0.3.2-all.jar
+ --insecure
+ --conf tony.containers.resources=PATH_TO_VENV_YOU_CREATED/venv.zip#archive,PATH_TO_MNIST_EXAMPLE/mnist_distributed.py, \
+PATH_TO_TONY_CLI_JAR/tony-cli-0.3.2-all.jar
+
+```
+You should then be able to see links and status of the jobs from command line:
+
+```
+2019-04-22 20:30:42,611 INFO tony.TonyClient: Tasks Status Updated: [TaskInfo] name: worker index: 0 url: http://pi-aw:8042/node/containerlogs/container_1555916523933_0030_01_000003/pi status: RUNNING
+2019-04-22 20:30:42,612 INFO tony.TonyClient: Tasks Status Updated: [TaskInfo] name: worker index: 1 url: http://pi-aw:8042/node/containerlogs/container_1555916523933_0030_01_000004/pi status: RUNNING
+2019-04-22 20:30:42,612 INFO tony.TonyClient: Tasks Status Updated: [TaskInfo] name: ps index: 0 url: http://pi-aw:8042/node/containerlogs/container_1555916523933_0030_01_000002/pi status: RUNNING
+2019-04-22 20:30:42,612 INFO tony.TonyClient: Logs for ps 0 at: http://pi-aw:8042/node/containerlogs/container_1555916523933_0030_01_000002/pi
+2019-04-22 20:30:42,612 INFO tony.TonyClient: Logs for worker 0 at: http://pi-aw:8042/node/containerlogs/container_1555916523933_0030_01_000003/pi
+2019-04-22 20:30:42,612 INFO tony.TonyClient: Logs for worker 1 at: http://pi-aw:8042/node/containerlogs/container_1555916523933_0030_01_000004/pi
+2019-04-22 20:30:44,625 INFO tony.TonyClient: Tasks Status Updated: [TaskInfo] name: ps index: 0 url: http://pi-aw:8042/node/containerlogs/container_1555916523933_0030_01_000002/pi status: FINISHED
+2019-04-22 20:30:44,625 INFO tony.TonyClient: Tasks Status Updated: [TaskInfo] name: worker index: 0 url: http://pi-aw:8042/node/containerlogs/container_1555916523933_0030_01_000003/pi status: FINISHED
+2019-04-22 20:30:44,626 INFO tony.TonyClient: Tasks Status Updated: [TaskInfo] name: worker index: 1 url: http://pi-aw:8042/node/containerlogs/container_1555916523933_0030_01_000004/pi status: FINISHED
+
+```
+
+### With Docker
+
+```
+CLASSPATH=$(hadoop classpath --glob): \
+./hadoop-submarine-core/target/hadoop-submarine-core-0.2.0-SNAPSHOT.jar: \
+./hadoop-submarine-yarnservice-runtime/target/hadoop-submarine-score-yarnservice-runtime-0.2.0-SNAPSHOT.jar: \
+./hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/target/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime-0.2.0-SNAPSHOT.jar: \
+/home/pi/hadoop/TonY/tony-cli/build/libs/tony-cli-0.3.2-all.jar \
+
+java org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.client.cli.Cli job run --name tf-job-001 \
+ --docker_image hadoopsubmarine/tf-1.8.0-cpu:0.0.3 \
+ --input_path hdfs://pi-aw:9000/dataset/cifar-10-data \
+ --worker_resources memory=3G,vcores=2 \
+ --worker_launch_cmd "export CLASSPATH=\$(/hadoop-3.1.0/bin/hadoop classpath --glob) && cd /test/models/tutorials/image/cifar10_estimator && python cifar10_main.py --data-dir=%input_path% --job-dir=%checkpoint_path% --train-steps=10000 --eval-batch-size=16 --train-batch-size=16 --variable-strategy=CPU --num-gpus=0 --sync" \
+ --env JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64 \
+ --env DOCKER_HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=/hadoop-3.1.0 \
+ --env DOCKER_JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64 \
+ --env HADOOP_HOME=/hadoop-3.1.0 \
+ --env HADOOP_YARN_HOME=/hadoop-3.1.0 \
+ --env HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=/hadoop-3.1.0 \
+ --env HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=/hadoop-3.1.0 \
+ --env HADOOP_CONF_DIR=/hadoop-3.1.0/etc/hadoop \
+ --conf tony.containers.resources=--conf tony.containers.resources=/home/pi/hadoop/TonY/tony-cli/build/libs/tony-cli-0.3.2-all.jar
+```

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/src/site/resources/css/site.css

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+#banner {
+  height: 93px;
+  background: none;
+}
+
+#bannerLeft img {
+  margin-left: 30px;
+  margin-top: 10px;
+}
+
+#bannerRight img {
+  margin: 17px;
+}

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/src/site/site.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
+-->
+<project name="Apache Hadoop ${project.version}">
+
+  <skin>
+    <groupId>org.apache.maven.skins</groupId>
+    <artifactId>maven-stylus-skin</artifactId>
+    <version>${maven-stylus-skin.version}</version>
+  </skin>
+
+  <body>
+    <links>
+      <item name="Apache Hadoop" href="http://hadoop.apache.org/"/>
+    </links>
+  </body>
+
+</project>

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime/src/test/java/TestTonyUtils.java

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * <p>
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * <p>
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
+ */
+import com.linkedin.tony.Constants;
+import com.linkedin.tony.TonyConfigurationKeys;
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.ApplicationId;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.exceptions.YarnException;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.client.cli.RunJobCli;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.client.cli.param.RunJobParameters;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.common.MockClientContext;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.common.conf.SubmarineLogs;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.RuntimeFactory;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.common.JobMonitor;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.common.JobSubmitter;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.common.SubmarineStorage;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.submarine.runtimes.tony.TonyUtils;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * <p>
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * <p>
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+public class TestTonyUtils {
+
+  private MockClientContext getMockClientContext()
+      throws IOException, YarnException {
+    MockClientContext mockClientContext = new MockClientContext();
+    JobSubmitter mockJobSubmitter = mock(JobSubmitter.class);
+    when(mockJobSubmitter.submitJob(any(RunJobParameters.class))).thenReturn(
+        ApplicationId.newInstance(1234L, 1));
+    JobMonitor mockJobMonitor = mock(JobMonitor.class);
+    SubmarineStorage storage = mock(SubmarineStorage.class);
+    RuntimeFactory rtFactory = mock(RuntimeFactory.class);
+
+    when(rtFactory.getJobSubmitterInstance()).thenReturn(mockJobSubmitter);
+    when(rtFactory.getJobMonitorInstance()).thenReturn(mockJobMonitor);
+    when(rtFactory.getSubmarineStorage()).thenReturn(storage);
+
+    mockClientContext.setRuntimeFactory(rtFactory);
+    return mockClientContext;
+  }
+
+  @Before
+  public void before() {
+    SubmarineLogs.verboseOff();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testTonyConfFromClientContext() throws Exception {
+    RunJobCli runJobCli = new RunJobCli(getMockClientContext());
+    runJobCli.run(
+        new String[] {"--name", "my-job", "--docker_image", "tf-docker:1.1.0",
+            "--input_path", "hdfs://input",
+            "--num_workers", "3", "--num_ps", "2", "--worker_launch_cmd",
+            "python run-job.py", "--worker_resources", "memory=2048M,vcores=2",
+            "--ps_resources", "memory=4G,vcores=4", "--ps_launch_cmd",
+            "python run-ps.py"});
+    RunJobParameters jobRunParameters = runJobCli.getRunJobParameters();
+    Configuration tonyConf = TonyUtils
+        .tonyConfFromClientContext(jobRunParameters);
+    Assert.assertEquals(jobRunParameters.getDockerImageName(),
+        tonyConf.get(TonyConfigurationKeys.getContainerDockerKey()));
+    Assert.assertEquals("3", tonyConf.get(TonyConfigurationKeys
+        .getInstancesKey("worker")));
+    Assert.assertEquals(jobRunParameters.getWorkerLaunchCmd(),
+        tonyConf.get(TonyConfigurationKeys
+            .getExecuteCommandKey("worker")));
+    Assert.assertEquals("2048", tonyConf.get(TonyConfigurationKeys
+        .getResourceKey(Constants.WORKER_JOB_NAME, Constants.MEMORY)));
+    Assert.assertEquals("2", tonyConf.get(TonyConfigurationKeys
+        .getResourceKey(Constants.WORKER_JOB_NAME, Constants.VCORES)));
+    Assert.assertEquals("4096", tonyConf.get(TonyConfigurationKeys
+        .getResourceKey(Constants.PS_JOB_NAME, Constants.MEMORY)));
+    Assert.assertEquals("4", tonyConf.get(TonyConfigurationKeys
+        .getResourceKey(Constants.PS_JOB_NAME,
+        Constants.VCORES)));
+    Assert.assertEquals(jobRunParameters.getPSLaunchCmd(),
+        tonyConf.get(TonyConfigurationKeys.getExecuteCommandKey("ps")));
+  }
+}

hadoop-submarine/hadoop-submarine-yarnservice-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/yarn/submarine/runtimes/yarnservice/YarnServiceJobSubmitter.java

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ private Resource getServiceResourceFromYarnResource(
     return serviceResource;
   }
 
-  private String getValueOfEnvionment(String envar) {
+  private String getValueOfEnvironment(String envar) {
     // extract value from "key=value" form
     if (envar == null || !envar.contains("=")) {
       return "";
@@ -133,10 +133,10 @@ private void addHdfsClassPathIfNeeded(RunJobParameters parameters,
 
     for (String envar : parameters.getEnvars()) {
       if (envar.startsWith("DOCKER_HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=")) {
-        hdfsHome = getValueOfEnvionment(envar);
+        hdfsHome = getValueOfEnvironment(envar);
         hadoopEnv = true;
       } else if (envar.startsWith("DOCKER_JAVA_HOME=")) {
-        javaHome = getValueOfEnvionment(envar);
+        javaHome = getValueOfEnvironment(envar);
       }
     }
 

hadoop-submarine/pom.xml

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
   <modules>
     <module>hadoop-submarine-core</module>
     <module>hadoop-submarine-yarnservice-runtime</module>
+    <module>hadoop-submarine-tony-runtime</module>
   </modules>
 
  <profiles>